FSH ELISA / REF: EIA-1288

An enzyme immunoassay for the quantitative measurement of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in serum. Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH) are intimately involved in the control of the growth and reproductive activities of the gonadal tissues, which synthesize and secrete male and female sex hormones through a negative feedback relationship. FSH is a glycoprotein secreted by the basophil cells of the anterior pituitary. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), produced in the hypothalamus, controls the release of FSH from the anterior pituitary. Like other glycoproteins, such as LH, TSH, and HCG, FSH consists of subunits designated as alpha and beta. Hormones of this type have alpha subunits that are very similar structurally, therefore the biological and immunological properties of each are dependent on the unique beta subunit. In the female, FSH stimulates the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles by acting directly on the receptors located on the granulosa cells; follicular teroidogenesis is promoted and LH production is stimulated.

The LH produced then binds to the theca cells and stimulates steroidogenesis. Increased intraovarian estradiol production occurs as follicular maturation advances, thereupon stimulating increased FSH receptor activity and FSH follicular binding. FSH, LH, and estradiol are therefore intimately related in supporting ovarian recruitment and maturation in women. FSH levels are elevated after menopause, castration, and in premature ovarian failure. The levels of FSH may be normalized through the administration of estrogens, which demonstrate a negative feedback mechanism. Abnormal relationships between FSH and LH, between FSH and estrogen have been linked to anorexia nervosa and polycystic ovarian disease.